Wisconsin records from Horicon and Necedah National Wildlife Refuges and Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest span wet meadows, grassy openings, sedge margins, and northern clearings. The July–September peak is also prime field-survey season, so it likely combines vole activity with greater trapping effort and easier access to ground-layer habitats.
The 192 records are not an estimate of meadow-vole abundance. This small mammal is usually documented through targeted surveys, predators’ remains, or incidental finds, making method and sampling intensity central to the map; records establish presence but cannot compare populations among sites.
Full species profile
