California mammals

Mule Deer in California

Odocoileus hemionus

Native to California SNR Unranked in California

Not listed as nonindigenous in California by USGS NAS; native to its California range.

IUCN Red List status

  1. LC
  2. NT
  3. VU
  4. EN
  5. CR
  6. EW
  7. EX

LC – Least Concern

Widespread and abundant; not at risk.

Mule Deer in California, by the numbers

Common in California 1st most recorded of 241 mammals logged in California

66,206 occurrence records
71,983 with iNaturalist photos

Records from 2000–2026.

66,206 total records count every California occurrence from GBIF and iNaturalist; the map plots a georeferenced sample of 300; the monthly chart covers the 18,999 records with a full observation date.

When to look for the Mule Deer in California

Most sightings fall in March to July.

18,999 California occurrence records (iNaturalist and GBIF) by month of year, 2000–2026. Shows when the species is recorded, not a guarantee of presence.

Monthly California records (table)
MonthRecords
January1,834
February1,561
March1,853
April2,596
May2,580
June2,826
July1,878
August978
September943
October704
November651
December595

Monthly mule deer occurrence records (iNaturalist and GBIF) in California, 2000–2026.

Seasonality

Year-round in California, with recorded sightings peaking in March–July, with a smaller rise in January.

Occurrence map

Where Mule Deer has been recorded in California

300 records mapped · zoom and drag to explore

300 California records mapped

Notable places to look

Park, forest, or monumentiNaturalist records
Golden Gate National Recreation Area 591
Point Reyes National Seashore 578
Yosemite National Park 478
Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area 313
San Gabriel Mountains National Monument 232
Sequoia National Park 226
Annadel State Park 151
Phillip Burton Wilderness Area 106

Protected places with the most mule deer sightings, from the USGS Protected Areas Database plus named mountain ranges, good spots to look, not a full breakdown, so they don't sum to the total.

Where it's recorded in California

CountyRecords
Marin County 1,950
Los Angeles County 1,745
Santa Clara County 1,568
San Diego County 1,474
San Mateo County 1,331
Sonoma County 1,252
Mariposa County 1,060
Monterey County 792
Contra Costa County 771
Santa Cruz County 671
Humboldt County 641
Alameda County 437
45 other counties 52,514

The complete county distribution, spread across 57 California counties. Every occurrence record falls in one county, so these sum to the total. Counties from GBIF and US Census boundaries.

Mule deer reports cross California from coastal headlands to the Sierra Nevada and the state’s dry interior. Point Reyes, the Channel Islands, and the Golden Gate recreation lands place many observations near public trails and roads, while remote mountain country receives less even attention.

The monthly record pattern builds through spring and reaches its clearest high point in June before dropping into autumn. That curve may reflect easier access and longer days as well as deer movement, so it isn’t a population count.

California’s records span grassland, brush, oak country, and mountain forest rather than one narrow habitat. Freeways and dense development can break links between those landscapes, but reports only show where deer were documented, not how many live on either side of a corridor.

Occurrence data from iNaturalist and GBIF.

Mule Deer in other states

View all states →

More mammals in California in the atlas

Data & sources

The data and visualizations on this page draw on these open sources:

  • GBIFCC-BY 4.0occurrence records behind the range map, elevation, and record counts
  • iNaturalistCC0 / CC-BY / CC-BY-SAobservations, photos, and audio recordings
  • NatureServe ExplorerCC-BYthe state conservation rank
  • IUCN Red Listattributed factthe global conservation status
  • USGS NASpublic domainnative / introduced status
  • Natural Earthpublic domainthe relief basemap
  • USFSpublic domainnational-forest boundaries
  • USGS Protected Areas Databasepublic domainthe named parks, forests, and refuges behind "notable places to look"